The
Present Perfect المضارع التام |
1 . متى نستخدم المضارع التام؟
نستخدم المضارع التام للتحدث عن شئ بدأ في الماضي و مازال مستمرا إلى وقتنا الحاضر.
مثال:
I have lived in this town for 10 years.
أسكن في هذه المدينة لمدة عشر سنوات.
(في هذا المثال الحدث بدأ قبل عشر سنوات و ما زال مستمرا إلى الآن)
My father has worked in the same factory since 1984.
والدي يشتغل في نفس المصنع منذ 1984.
( نفس الشئ في هذا المثال. أبي بدأ العمل في هذا المصنع سنة 1984 و مازال يشتغل فيه لغاية الآن).
يتكون المضارع التام بوضع have / has + past participle
played | have | I |
played | have | You |
played | has | He |
played | has | She |
played | has | It |
played | have | We |
played | have | You |
played | have | They |
يتكون النفي في المضارع التام بوضع كلمة not بين have/has و past participle
played | not | have | I |
played | not | have | You |
played | not | has | He |
played | not | has | She |
played | not | has | It |
played | not | have | We |
played | not | have | You |
played | not | have | They |
4) كيف نطرح السؤال في المضارع التام؟( نأخذ فعل play كمثال )
يتكون السؤال في المضارع التام بوضع have/has مكان الفاعل و الفاعل مكان have/has
?played | I | Have |
?played | You | Have |
?played | He | Have |
?played | She | Have |
?played | It | Have |
?played | We | Have |
?played | You | Have |
?played | They | Have |
ملاحظة: يمكن أن نستخدم الصيغة الكاملة لكلمة have/has أو الصيغة المختصرة ('ve / 's ) .
مثلا: يمكننا أن نقول:
I have played football . أو I' ve played football.
He has lived here for a long time. أو He' s lived here for a long time.